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Nutrition
Association of malnutrition status with 30-day mortality in patients with sepsis using objective nutritional indices: a multicenter retrospective study in South Korea
Moon Seong Baek, Young Suk Kwon, Sang Soo Kang, Daechul Shim, Youngsang Yoon, Jong Ho Kim
Acute Crit Care. 2024;39(1):127-137.   Published online February 20, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2023.01613
  • 1,572 View
  • 112 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Background
The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) have emerged as important nutritional indices because they provide an objective assessment based on data. We aimed to investigate how these nutritional indices relate to outcomes in patients with sepsis. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively at five hospitals for patients aged ≥18 years receiving treatment for sepsis between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021. Serum albumin and total cholesterol concentrations, and peripheral lymphocytes were used to calculate the CONUT score and PNI. To identify predictors correlated with 30-day mortality, analyses were conducted using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Results: The 30-day mortality rate among 9,763 patients was 15.8% (n=1,546). The median CONUT score was 5 (interquartile range [IQR], 3–7) and the median PNI score was 39.6 (IQR, 33.846.4). Higher 30-day mortality rates were associated with individuals with moderate (CONUT score: 5–8; PNI: 35–38) or severe (CONUT: 9–12; PNI: <35) malnutrition compared with those with no malnutrition (CONUT: 0–1; PNI: >38). With CONUT scores, the hazard ratio (HR) associated with moderate malnutrition was 1.52 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24–1.87; P<0.001); for severe, HR=2.42 (95% CI, 1.95–3.02; P<0.001). With PNI scores, the HR for moderate malnutrition was 1.29 (95% CI, 1.09–1.53; P=0.003); for severe, HR=1.88 (95% CI, 1.67–2.12; P<0.001). Conclusions: The nutritional indices CONUT score and PNI showed significant associations with mortality of sepsis patients within 30 days.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Development and validation of a predictive model for in-hospital mortality from perioperative bacteremia in gastrointestinal surgery
    Yusuke Taki, Shinsuke Sato, Masaya Watanabe, Ko Ohata, Hideyuki Kanemoto, Noriyuki Oba
    European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Immunology
Patterns of inflammatory immune responses in patients with septic shock receiving vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine: clustering analysis in Korea
Seung-Hun You, Oh Joo Kweon, Sun-Young Jung, Moon Seong Baek, Won-Young Kim
Acute Crit Care. 2023;38(3):286-297.   Published online August 21, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2023.00507
  • 2,360 View
  • 96 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Background
Sepsis is characterized by heterogeneous immune responses that may evolve during the course of illness. This study identified inflammatory immune responses in septic patients receiving vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine.
Methods
This was a single-center, post-hoc analysis of 95 patients with septic shock who received the vitamin C protocol. Blood samples were drawn on days 1–2, 3–4, and 6–8 after shock onset. Group-based multi-trajectory modeling was used to identify immune trajectory groups.
Results
The median age was 78 years (interquartile range, 70–84 years), and 56% were male. Clustering analysis identified group 1 (n=41), which was characterized by lower interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10 levels, and these levels remained stationary or mildly increased until day 7. Conversely, group 2 (n=54) expressed initially higher IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels that decreased rapidly by day 4. There was a nonsignificant increase in lymphocyte count and a decrease in C-reactive protein level until day 7 in group 2. The intensive care unit mortality rate was significantly lower in group 2 (39.0% vs. 18.5%, P=0.03). Group 2 also had a significantly higher decrease in the mean (standard deviation) vasopressor dose (norepinephrine equivalent: –0.09±0.16 μg/kg/min vs. –0.23±0.31 μg/kg/min, P<0.001) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (0±5 vs. –4±3, P=0.002) between days 1 and 4.
Conclusions
There may be different subphenotypes in septic patients receiving the vitamin C protocol.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Micronutrients as therapy in critical illness
    Christian Stoppe, Ellen Dresen, Angelique de Man
    Current Opinion in Critical Care.2024; 30(2): 178.     CrossRef
  • Novel cortisol trajectory sub-phenotypes in sepsis
    Fei Leng, Zhunyong Gu, Simeng Pan, Shilong Lin, Xu Wang, Ming Zhong, Jieqiong Song
    Critical Care.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Infection
In-hospital mortality prediction using frailty scale and severity score in elderly patients with severe COVID-19
Yong Sub Na, Jin Hyoung Kim, Moon Seong Baek, Won-Young Kim, Ae-Rin Baek, Bo young Lee, Gil Myeong Seong, Song-I Lee
Acute Crit Care. 2022;37(3):303-311.   Published online July 5, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2022.00017
  • 4,740 View
  • 224 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Elderly patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have a high disease severity and mortality. However, the use of the frailty scale and severity score to predict in-hospital mortality in the elderly is not well established. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the use of these scores in COVID-19 cases in the elderly.
Methods
This multicenter retrospective study included severe COVID-19 patients admitted to seven hospitals in Republic of Korea from February 2020 to February 2021. We evaluated patients’ Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score; confusion, urea nitrogen, respiratory rate, blood pressure, 65 years of age and older (CURB-65) score; modified early warning score (MEWS); Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score; clinical frailty scale (CFS) score; and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). We evaluated the predictive value using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results
The study included 318 elderly patients with severe COVID-19 of whom 237 (74.5%) were survivors and 81 (25.5%) were non-survivors. The non-survivor group was older and had more comorbidities than the survivor group. The CFS, CCI, APACHE II, SOFA, CURB-65, and MEWS scores were higher in the non-survivor group than in the survivor group. When analyzed using the ROC curve, SOFA score showed the best performance in predicting the prognosis of elderly patients (area under the curve=0.766, P<0.001). CFS and SOFA scores were associated with in-hospital mortality in the multivariate analysis.
Conclusions
The SOFA score is an efficient tool for assessing in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with severe COVID-19.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Quadriceps Muscle Layer Thickness and its association with frailty in critically ill patients: A prospective observational study
    Vijay Sundarsingh, R. Manoj Kumar, Manjunath Kulkarni, Debasis Pradhan, Pramela Renisha Rodrigues, Nishanth Baliga, Mamata Prasad, Pooja Yadav, Monish Thomas, Tania Eltrida Pinto
    Journal of Critical Care.2025; 85: 154930.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors for progressing to critical illness in patients with hospital-acquired COVID-19
    Kyung-Eui Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Sang-Min Lee, Hong Yeul Lee
    The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2024; 39(3): 477.     CrossRef
  • Omicron, Long-COVID, and the Safety of Elective Surgery for Adults and Children: Joint Guidance from the Therapeutics and Guidelines Committee of the Surgical Infection Society and the Surgery Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services
    Philip S. Barie, Mary E. Brindle, Rachel G. Khadaroo, Tara L. Klassen, Jared M. Huston
    Surgical Infections.2023; 24(1): 6.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of risk scores as predictors of mortality and hospital length of stay for older COVID‐19 patients
    Banu Buyukaydin, Tahsin Karaaslan, Omer Uysal
    AGING MEDICINE.2023; 6(1): 56.     CrossRef
  • Atypical presentation of COVID-19 in older patients is associated with frailty but not with adverse outcomes
    Joy E. van Son, Elisabeth C. P. Kahn, Jessica M. van der Bol, Dennis G. Barten, Laura C. Blomaard, Carmen van Dam, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Steffy W. M. Jansen, Anita Lekx, Carolien M. J. van der Linden, Roy Looman, Huub A. A. M. Maas, Francesco U. S. Mattace
    European Geriatric Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Neurological Manifestations and Complications of the Central Nervous System as Risk Factors and Predictors of Mortality in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Cohort Study
    Ana Luisa Corona-Nakamura, Martha Judith Arias-Merino, Rayo Morfín-Otero, Guillermo Rodriguez-Zavala, Alfredo León-Gil, Juan Ramsés Camarillo-Escalera, Idarmis Brisseida Reyes-Cortés, María Gisela Valdovinos-Ortega, Erick René Nava-Escobar, Ana María de l
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(12): 4065.     CrossRef
  • Modified Early Warning Score: Clinical Deterioration of Mexican Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 and Chronic Disease
    Nicolás Santiago González, María de Lourdes García-Hernández, Patricia Cruz-Bello, Lorena Chaparro-Díaz, María de Lourdes Rico-González, Yolanda Hernández-Ortega
    Healthcare.2023; 11(19): 2654.     CrossRef
  • Risk Factors and Predictive Model for Mortality of Hospitalized COVID-19 Elderly Patients from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thailand
    Mallika Chuansangeam, Bunyarat Srithan, Pattharawin Pattharanitima, Pawit Phadungsaksawasdi
    Medicines.2023; 10(11): 59.     CrossRef
Ethics
Effect of Timing of Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders on the Clinical Outcome of Critically Ill Patients
Moon Seong Baek, Younsuck Koh, Sang-Bum Hong, Chae-Man Lim, Jin Won Huh
Korean J Crit Care Med. 2016;31(3):229-235.   Published online August 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2016.00178
  • 11,874 View
  • 157 Download
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Many physicians hesitate to discuss do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders with patients or family members in critical situations. In the intensive care unit (ICU), delayed DNR decisions could cause unintentional cardiopulmonary resuscitation, patient distress, and substantial cost. We investigated whether the timing of DNR designation affects patient outcome in the medical ICU.
Methods
We enrolled retrospective patients with written DNR orders in a medical ICU (13 bed) from June 1, 2014 to May 31, 2015. The patients were divided into two groups: early DNR patients for whom DNR orders were implemented within 48 h of ICU admission, and late DNR patients for whom DNR orders were implemented more than 48 h after ICU admission.
Results
Herein, 354 patients were admitted to the medical ICU and among them, 80 (22.6%) patients had requested DNR orders. Of these patients, 37 (46.3%) had designated DNR orders within 48 hours of ICU admission and 43 (53.7%) patients had designated DNR orders more than 48 hours after ICU admission. Compared with early DNR patients, late DNR patients tended to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining management (18.9% vs. 37.2%, p = 0.072). DNR consent forms were signed by family members instead of the patients. Septic shock was the most common cause of medical ICU admission in both the early and late DNR patients (54.1% vs. 37.2%, p = 0.131). There was no difference in in-hospital mortality (83.8% vs. 81.4%, p = 0.779). Late DNR patients had longer ICU stays than early DNR patients (7.4 ± 8.1 vs. 19.7 ± 19.2, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Clinical outcomes are not influenced by the time of DNR designation in the medical ICU. The late DNR group is associated with a longer length of ICU stay and a tendency of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. However, further studies are needed to clarify the guideline for end-of-life care in critically ill patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Characteristics and outcomes of patients with do-not-resuscitate and physician orders for life-sustaining treatment in a medical intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study
    Song-I Lee, Ye-Rin Ju, Da Hyun Kang, Jeong Eun Lee
    BMC Palliative Care.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prognostic models of in-hospital mortality of intensive care patients using neural representation of unstructured text: A systematic review and critical appraisal
    I. Vagliano, N. Dormosh, M. Rios, T.T. Luik, T.M. Buonocore, P.W.G. Elbers, D.A. Dongelmans, M.C. Schut, A. Abu-Hanna
    Journal of Biomedical Informatics.2023; 146: 104504.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Do-Not-Resuscitate Order in the Emergency Department on Respiratory Failure after ICU Admission
    Ting-Yu Hsu, Pei-Ming Wang, Po-Chun Chuang, Yan-Ren Lin, Yuan-Jhen Syue, Tsung-Cheng Tsai, Chao-Jui Li
    Healthcare.2022; 10(3): 434.     CrossRef
  • Early DNR in Older Adults Hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Initial Pandemic Surge
    Shalin Shah, Alex Makhnevich, Jessica Cohen, Meng Zhang, Allison Marziliano, Michael Qiu, Yan Liu, Michael A. Diefenbach, Maria Carney, Edith Burns, Liron Sinvani
    American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®.2022; 39(12): 1491.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Signing Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders on the Use of Non-Beneficial Life-Sustaining Treatments for Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Retrospective Study
    Shang-Sin Shiu, Ting-Ting Lee, Ming-Chen Yeh, Yu-Chi Chen, Shu-He Huang
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(15): 9521.     CrossRef
  • Early Versus Late DNR Orders and its Predictors in a Saudi Arabian ICU
    Waleed Tharwat Aletreby, Ahmed F. Mady, Mohammed A. Al-Odat, Ahmed N. Balshi, Anas A. Mady, Adam M. Al-Odat, Amira M. Elshayeb, Ahmed F. Mostafa, Shereen A. Abd Elsalam, Kriz L. Odchigue
    Saudi Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences.2022; 10(3): 192.     CrossRef
  • Decision-making regarding withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and the role of intensivists in the intensive care unit: a single-center study
    Seo In Lee, Kyung Sook Hong, Jin Park, Young-Joo Lee
    Acute and Critical Care.2020; 35(3): 179.     CrossRef
  • Determination of the characteristics and outcomes of the palliative care patients admitted to the emergency department
    Gulcan Bakan, Mert Ozen, Arife Azak, Bulent Erdur
    International Emergency Nursing.2020; 53: 100934.     CrossRef
  • Do‐Not‐Resuscitate Orders in Older Adults During Hospitalization: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis
    Karishma Patel, Liron Sinvani, Vidhi Patel, Andrzej Kozikowski, Christopher Smilios, Meredith Akerman, Kinga Kiszko, Sutapa Maiti, Negin Hajizadeh, Gisele Wolf‐Klein, Renee Pekmezaris
    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.2018; 66(5): 924.     CrossRef
  • Changes in Life-sustaining Treatment in Terminally Ill Cancer Patients after Signing a Do-Not-Resuscitate Order
    Hyun A Kim, Jeong Yun Park
    The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2017; 20(2): 93.     CrossRef
  • The Authors Reply
    Jeong Uk Lim, Jongmin Lee, Jick Hwan Ha, Hyeon Hui Kang, Sang Haak Lee, Hwa Sik Moon
    The Korean Journal of Critical Care Medicine.2017; 32(4): 377.     CrossRef

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